@inproceedings{PB-VRVis-2017-037,
author = {Barnes, Robert and van Capelle, Marijn and Gupta, Sanjeev and Gunn, Matt and Paar, Gerhard and Balme, Matthew R. and Huber, Benjamin and Bauer, Arnold and Furuya, Komyo and del Pilar Caballo Perucha, Maria and Traxler, Christoph and Hesina, Gerd and Ortner, Thomas and Banham, Steve G. and Harris, Jennifer K. and Kay, Steve and Muller, Jan-Peter and Tao, Yu},
title = {Mars in 3D - 3D geological analysis and terrestrial validation of rover derived stereo-imagery},
year = {2017},
booktitle = {RSPSoc 2017 Annual Conference (abstract and oral presentation)},
editor = {Department of Earth Science \& Engineering,
  Imperial College London},
url = {https://www.vrvis.at/publications/PB-VRVis-2017-037},
publisher = {Department of Earth Science \& Engineering,
  Imperial College London},
pages = {67},
abstract = {A key focus of planetary rover missions is to use panoramic  camera systems to image outcrops along rover  traverses,  in  order  to characterise  their  geology  in  search  of  ancient  life.  This  data  can be processe d  to  create  3D  point  clouds  of  rock  outcrops  to  be quantitatively  analysed.  The  Mars  Utah Rover  Field  Investigation  (MURFI 2016)  is  a  Mars  Rover  field  analogue  mission  run  by  the  UK  Space  Agency  (UKSA)  in  collaboration  with  the  Canadian  Space  Agency  (CSA).  It  took  place  between  22nd October  and  13th  November  2016  and consisted  of  a  science  team  based  in  Harwell,  UK,  and  a  field team including  an  instrumented  Rover  platform  at  the  field  site  near  Hanksville  (Utah,  USA).  The Aberystwyth  University  PanCam  Emulator  3 (AUPE3)  camera  system  was  used  to  collect  stereo panoramas of the terrain the rover encountered during the  field trials.  Stereo-imagery processed  in  PRoViP  is  rendered  as  Ordered  Point  Clouds  (OPCs)  in PRo3D,  enabling the user to zoom, rotate and tr anslate the 3D outcrop  model.  Interpretations can be digitised directly onto  the  3D  surface,  and  simple measurements  can  be  taken  of  the  dimensions  of  the  outcrop  and sedimentary  features,  including  grain  size.  Dip  and  strike  of  bedding planes,  stratigraph ic  and sedimentological boundaries and fractures is  calculated within PRo3D from mapped bedding contacts and  fracture  traces.  Merging  of  rover-derived  imagery  with  Unmanned  Aerial  Vehicle  (UAV) and orbital  datasets,  to  build  semi-regional  multi-resolution 3D  models of  the  area  of  operations  for immersive analysis and contextual  understanding.  In-simulation, AUPE3 was mounted onto the rover  mast, collecting 16 stereo panoramas over 9 ‘sols’.  5  out-of-simulation datasets were collected in the  Hanksville-Burpee Quarry. Stereo panoramas were processed using  an automated pipeline and data transfer through an ftp server.  PRo3D has been used for visualisation and analysis of  this  stereo data. Features of interest in the area could be  annotated, and  their  distances between  to  the rover  position  can  be  measured  to  aid  prioritisation  of  science targeting.   Where   grains   or   rocks  are   present  and  visible,   their dimensions   can   be   measured.  Interpretation  of  the  sedimentological features  of  the  outcrops  has  also  been  carried out.  OPCs created from  stereo imagery collected in the Hanskville-Burpee Quarry showed  a general coarsening-up succession with a red, well-layered  mudstone overlain by stacked layers of irregular thickness and  medium-coarse  to  pebbly  sandstone  layers.  Cross  beds/laminations,  and  lenses  of  finer  sandstone were  common. These features provide valuable information on their  depositional environment.  Development  of  Pro3D  in  preparation  for  application  to  the  ExoMars 2020  and  NASA  2020  missions will  be  centred  on validation  of  the  data  and  measurements.  Collection  of  in-situ  field  data  by  a  human geologist  allows  for  direct  comparison  of  viewer-derived  measurements with  those  taken  in the field},
}